Page 112 - UNESCO_Zatec_2021_A4

spring bedding. The pole would often break in the
wind, usually in the place directly above the ground,
where it suffered from rot the most.

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In the middle of the 19 century, there was a revolutionary
change in the use of supporting structures in hop growing Construction of hop wire trellis
areas; this change significantly affected the nominated
property Žatec and the Landscape of Saaz Hops. At the very beginning, the entire hop field had to
be measured longitudinal and transverse rows
The transition from poles to wire hop trellises was marked, marker stakes placed in the positions of
gradual. First, it started where they needed to replace future poles and anchors placed. First, anchor
the costly wooden poles with cheaper hop support for pits were dug and fitted with anchor stones and
the hop bines, such as a wire. Mathieu de Dombasle anchor wires. For the base of the poles, holes were
made the first mention of the hops on the wire in 1837. dug about 30 cm deep for the inner poles, 90 cm
Various cost-saving ways replaced the reduced number deep for the corner and frame poles. Drawn wire
of wooden poles. At first two, later four wires were tied of various sizes was used to build the structures.
to one pole, so 3 to 5 plants could be introduced to such It was delivered in coiled wheels and had to be
hop supports. This pyramidal system had numerous
disadvantages, especially as the hop cones inside the stretched before construction. To get it tighter,
pyramid were shaded. Therefore, a cross was later a single-arm lever or a pair of strong horses were
inserted into the top of such a pyramid, which eliminated used. The straightened wire was cut to the required
2. Description The next stage of development in wire constructions Making trellises required two skilled workers. It was
length. Some wires were terminated with trellises.
this main disadvantage.

was the row-structured poles. The principle of this hop
quite a complicated procedure, which had to be
support was that wire at the height of 7–8 metres was
stretched between two poles. The hop plants were tied to
twine, which was attached to a wire. repeated for each pole.
Before the erection of the poles, helping, seven-
metre, rods with a hook and forks with spikes for
112 Since 1850, a wired system with vertical poles connected
in the upper sections by a wire trellis has been used. The lifting and supporting the poles had to be prepared.
current types of wire trellises were preceded by a whole First, the front middle pole began to be raised.
development line, which was improved continuously by On the ground, a longitudinal wire and two front
individual growers over forty years. Josef Schöffl tested partitions were threaded with trellises on its head.

Erection of a frame column during the construction of a hop trellis,
Saaz hop growing region, mid-20 century
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