Page 103 - UNESCO_Zatec_2021_A4

The territory of Žatec and the Landscape of Saaz Hops on the I. military mapping (1780–1783). MAPIRE.

to Tvršice. It was followed by a concentrated left- The position of the Žatec landscape was, therefore,
bank area of hop fields between Tvršice, Staňkovice, undoubtedly extraordinary at that time.
Velichov, and Žatec and smaller regions of hop fields
near Libočany. East of Stekník at that time, there were At that time, the imperial road from Lubenec already
no hop fields, except two hop fields below Dolejší Hůrky led to Žatec, leading through Vroutek, Podbořany, and 103
(towards Hradiště) and one small hop field on the Radíčeves. Its further continuation through Žiželice and
outskirts of Lišany. The village of Stekník itself already Havraň to Most and is drawn on the map in dashed lines,
existed to today’s extent, including the chateau and as being planned or under construction. The route of
other buildings. Another long narrow strip of hop fields both sections has not changed to this day. The landscape
is shown on the southern slope of the Pereč gorge (west was interwoven with a dense network of other roads of
of Trnovany). Smaller areas of hop fields are shown in various qualities. The first military mapping, therefore,
this mapping only south of the village Holedeček and also shows the already stabilised communication
east of Liběšice. network around Žatec, which still connects the town
of Žatec with the territory of the nominated rural
Nowhere else in the Czech lands, neither in Rakovnicko component part 01 and was undoubtedly used for the
nor in Úštěcko (i.e., areas where there are currently transport of hops from the countryside to the town of
other growing areas in Bohemia – see Chapter 3.2.), are Žatec. This is especially true of the journey from Hradiště
hop fields drawn on this map. This does not mean that over the edge of Stekník to Trnovany (and further to
they did not exist there at that time, but apparently Žatec). The road passed through the village square in
they did not cover larger continuous areas, did not Stekník, which branched out in three directions behind
apply significantly in the image of the landscape and the village: to Liběšice, to Drahomyšl and Strkovice.
were not so important in terms of the interests pursued None of these roads were later rebuilt and some have
by the army leadership organizing this mapping. completely disappeared.

4 Bohemia was mapped in 1764–1768, but because the result was considered insufficiently accurate for military use, a new mapping of the northern
half of Bohemia, including Žatec, followed in 1780–1783 - therefore (as far as is known) the original map sheets were not preserved. I. military
mapping placed great emphasis on capturing the real image of the landscape because they were really to serve military purposes and show the
conditions for the movement of troops and strategic details for the possible preparation of combat strategies or logistics. It goes without saying that
all settlements are covered, including their ground plans, but also individual buildings in the landscape (mills, courtyards, solitudes, etc.). Castles,
churches, but also chapels are drawn. Special attention was paid to capturing phenomena that had a direct impact on the movement of armies in
the field: imperial roads, all roads, ponds, streams, floodplains, but also vineyards and hop fields, which, unlike other agricultural crops, formed
a poorly permeable barrier. It is, therefore, the oldest map work that captures hop fields. The maps are hand-coloured, and the individual landscape
component parts are easily distinguishable due to the different colours.
http://oldmaps.geolab.cz/map_root.pl?lang=cs&map_root=1vm