Page 106 - UNESCO_Zatec_2021_A4

Illustration of tools for work in individual pole hop fields, early 19 century surroundings of Žatec and Postoloprty were mapped in
th
1843. While the areas of the vineyards are distinguished
in pink, the hop fields are the same colour as other
agricultural fields and are indicated not very distinctively
by the symbol of hop poles. However, when inspected in
detail, the extent of the hop fields is clearly visible.

The authenticity of component part 01 can be well
documented by a map of the stable cadastre of the
cadastral village of Stekník from 1843. It is the first truly
detailed and entirely accurate depiction of the urban
structure and built-up area of the village, including the
chateau grounds. It proves that the current situation
has existed almost unchanged to this day. The largest
part of the cadastre covered the field, the smaller area
the meadow. Hop fields were concentrated in the space
between the village, the road to Trnovany, and the river
Ohře. A dense network of field roads connected the
individual parts of the cadastre.

Similarly, on the map of the stable cadastre of Žatec from
2. Description northern part of the town and the communication network
the same year, we can see the urban structure of the

of all suburbs in the final historical form before modern
interventions (except for the Prague Suburbs, which had
yet to have a boom in construction at this time). In the
area west and east below the Žatec promontory (ie, in the
buffer zone), in addition to small gardens, there were also
relatively concentrated areas of hop fields, of which only
a small part has survived to the present day. Other hop
106
it, those which would be ideal for its effective cultivation. fields are drawn in the wider vicinity of the town.
Hop fields with unsuitable conditions were closed,
especially in southern and western Bohemia, from the These maps of the stable cadastre show that compared
Klatovy region to the Sokolov region. to the situation in the 1780s, the area of hop fields in the
vicinity of Žatec had increased significantly, and that hop
Hop cultivation started to be concentrated only in areas fields had also developed in the Ohře floodplain east of
in which the climate and soil were most suitable for the Stekník, specifically around Lišany and Hradiště, and
growth and development of hops. In these areas, hops further east to surroundings of Louny.
are still cultivated today. The exceptionality of the Žatec
region for hop cultivation, within the entire Austrian- The geodetic foundations and the maps of the stable
Hungarian Empire, became even stronger. cadastre themselves were subsequently used for
a generalised representation of the individual countries
A set of maps of the stable cadastre, which are the result of the monarchy in the form of II. military mapping at
of the first comprehensive cadastral mapping of the a scale of 1 : 28,800.
former Austrian monarchy, during the first half of the
19 century, is of fundamental importance for a detailed To get a clear idea of the extent of hop fields on
th
knowledge of the territory, which is the subject of the a wider landscape scale, II. military mapping is more
nomination. The mapping took place in Bohemia, advantageous than maps of a stable cadastre, although
Moravia, and Silesia in the years 1824–1843, before the its scale is less detailed. Although this map work was
beginning of the industrial revolution. 5 derived from the maps of the stable cadastre, it was also
updated at the time of its creation. This is obvious when
Stable cadastre maps are the first completely accurate comparing the areas of hop fields again, for example, in
recording of hop fields, even the smallest ones. The the Stekník cadastre, which differs in both map parts,

5 The emergence of a stable cadastre was associated with the growing need of the Habsburg state apparatus to control tax revenues, which
presupposed to capture all taxpayers and accurately capture the extent of their property. The maps are geodetically extremely accurate, and thanks
to the scale of 1 : 2,880 (in urban areas also 1 : 1,440), very detailed. A separate "island" map was created for each cadastral municipality, which
complicates their connection into a seamless form. The maps exist in three versions (so-called indication sketch, original, imperial print). Still, not all
cadastral municipalities have all three preserved. (However, Žatec and Stekník and other municipalities in this area do). Maps are available online on
the geoportal of the Central Archive of Surveying and Cadastre (ÚAZK) ttps://archivnimapy.cuzk.cz/uazk/pohledy/archiv.html#